270 lines
4.1 KiB
Markdown
270 lines
4.1 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: Backbone.js
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updated: 2018-12-06
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category: JavaScript libraries
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---
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### Binding events
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```js
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.on('event', callback)
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.on('event', callback, context)
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```
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```js
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.on({
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'event1': callback,
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'event2': callback
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})
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```
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```js
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.on('all', callback)
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```
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```js
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.once('event', callback) // Only happens once
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```
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### Unbinding events
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```js
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object.off('change', onChange) // just the `onChange` callback
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object.off('change') // all 'change' callbacks
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object.off(null, onChange) // `onChange` callback for all events
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object.off(null, null, context) // all callbacks for `context` all events
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object.off() // all
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```
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### Events
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```js
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object.trigger('event')
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```
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```js
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view.listenTo(object, event, callback)
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view.stopListening()
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```
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### List of events
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* Collection:
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* `add` (model, collection, options)
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* `remove` (model, collection, options)
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* `reset` (collection, options)
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* `sort` (collection, options)
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* Model:
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* `change` (model, options)
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* `change:[attr]` (model, value, options)
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* `destroy` (model, collection, options)
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* `error` (model, xhr, options)
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* Model and collection:
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* `request` (model, xhr, options)
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* `sync` (model, resp, options)
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* Router:
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* `route:[name]` (params)
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* `route` (router, route, params)
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## Views
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### Defining
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```js
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// All attributes are optional
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var View = Backbone.View.extend({
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model: doc,
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```
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```js
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tagName: 'div',
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className: 'document-item',
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id: "document-" + doc.id,
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attributes: { href: '#' },
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```
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```js
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el: 'body',
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```
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```js
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events: {
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'click button.save': 'save',
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'click .cancel': function() { ··· },
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'click': 'onclick'
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},
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```
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```js
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constructor: function() { ··· },
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render: function() { ··· }
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})
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```
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### Instantiating
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```js
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view = new View()
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view = new View({ el: ··· })
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```
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### Methods
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```js
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view.$el.show()
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view.$('input')
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```
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```js
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view.remove()
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```
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```js
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view.delegateEvents()
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view.undelegateEvents()
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```
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## Models
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### Defining
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```js
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// All attributes are optional
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var Model = Backbone.Model.extend({
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defaults: {
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'author': 'unknown'
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},
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idAttribute: '_id',
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parse: function() { ··· }
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})
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```
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### Instantiating
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```js
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var obj = new Model({ title: 'Lolita', author: 'Nabokov' })
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```
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```js
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var obj = new Model({ collection: ··· })
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```
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### Methods
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```js
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obj.id
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obj.cid // → 'c38' (client-side ID)
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```
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```js
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obj.clone()
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```
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```js
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obj.hasChanged('title')
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obj.changedAttributes() // false, or hash
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obj.previousAttributes() // false, or hash
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obj.previous('title')
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```
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```js
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obj.isNew()
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```
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```js
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obj.set({ title: 'A Study in Pink' })
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obj.set({ title: 'A Study in Pink' }, { validate: true, silent: true })
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obj.unset('title')
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```
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```js
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obj.get('title')
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obj.has('title')
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obj.escape('title') /* Like .get() but HTML-escaped */
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```
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```js
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obj.clear()
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obj.clear({ silent: true })
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```
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```js
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obj.save()
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obj.save({ attributes })
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obj.save(null, {
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silent: true, patch: true, wait: true,
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success: callback, error: callback
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})
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```
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```js
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obj.destroy()
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obj.destroy({
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wait: true,
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success: callback, error: callback
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})
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```
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```js
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obj.toJSON()
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```
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```js
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obj.fetch()
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obj.fetch({ success: callback, error: callback })
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```
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### Validation
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```js
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var Model = Backbone.Model.extend({
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validate: function(attrs, options) {
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if (attrs.end < attrs.start) {
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return "Can't end before it starts"
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}
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}
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})
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```
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{: data-line="2"}
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```js
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obj.validationError //=> "Can't end before it starts"
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obj.isValid()
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obj.on('invalid', function (model, error) { ··· })
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```
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```js
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// Triggered on:
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obj.save()
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obj.set({ ··· }, { validate: true })
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```
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### Custom URLs
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```js
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var Model = Backbone.Model.extend({
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// Single URL (string or function)
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url: '/account',
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url: function() { return '/account' },
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```
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```js
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// Both of these two work the same way
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url: function() { return '/books/' + this.id }),
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urlRoot: '/books'
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})
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```
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```js
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var obj = new Model({ url: ··· })
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var obj = new Model({ urlRoot: ··· })
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```
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## References
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{: .-one-column}
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- [Backbone website](http://backbonejs.org/) _(backbonejs.org)_
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- [Backbone patterns](http://ricostacruz.com/backbone-patterns/) _(ricostacruz.com)_
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