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esxi/readme.md
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esxi/readme.md
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@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
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Type 1 hypervisor hosting virtual machines, running straight on metal.
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# Files and directory structure
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# Basic settings
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https://www.dbappweb.com/2020/08/20/how-to-change-the-default-gateway-for-vmware-vsphere-esxi/
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@ -18,12 +18,128 @@ https://blog.techygeekshome.info/2021/04/vmware-esxi-esxcli-commands-to-update-h
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* esxcli network ip dns server remove --server=1.1.1.1
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* esxcli network ip dns server list
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# docker-compose
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# Backups using ghettoVCB
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# Config
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* [github](https://github.com/lamw/ghettoVCB)
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* [documentation](https://communities.vmware.com/t5/VI-VMware-ESX-3-5-Documents/ghettoVCB-sh-Free-alternative-for-backing-up-VM-s-for-ESX-i-3-5/ta-p/2773570)
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The script makes snapshot of a VM, copies the "old" vmdk and other files
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to a backup location, then deletes the snapshot.<br>
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The space use of this approach where every version takes up lot of space
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can be an issue, maybe solved by backup datastore having deduplication,
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but thats maybe for the future.
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VMs that have any existing snapshot wont get backed up.
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### Backup storage locations
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* Local disk datastore
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* NFS share<br>
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For nfs share on trueNAS scale
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* Maproot User -> root
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* Maproot Group -> nogroup
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Note the exact path from webgui of your datastore for backups.<br>
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Looks like this `/vmfs/volumes/6187f7e1-c584077c-d7f6-3c4937073090`
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### Install
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* ssh in to esxi
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* `cd /tmp`
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* `esxcli network firewall ruleset set -e true -r httpClient`
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* `wget https://github.com/lamw/ghettoVCB/releases/download/2021_10_20/vghetto-ghettoVCB.vib --no-check-certificate`
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* `esxcli software vib install -v /tmp/vghetto-ghettoVCB.vib -f`
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* check `ls /opt`
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### Config and preparation
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Gotta know basics how to edit files with ancient `vi`
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* Config file template is in `/opt/ghettovcb/ghettoVCB.conf`<br>
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Make copy of it `cp /opt/ghettovcb/ghettoVCB.conf /opt/ghettovcb/ghetto_1.conf`<br>
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* Only edit this file, for starter setting where to copy backups<br>
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`vi /opt/ghettovcb/ghetto_1.conf`<br>
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`VM_BACKUP_VOLUME=/vmfs/volumes/6187f7e1-c584077c-d7f6-3c4937073090/Backups`
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* Create a file that will contain list of VMs to backup<br>
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`touch /opt/ghettovcb/vms_to_backup_list`<br>
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`vi /opt/ghettovcb/vms_to_backup_list`<br>
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```
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OPNsense
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Arch-Docker-Host
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```
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* Create a shell script that starts ghetto script using this config for listed VMs<br>
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`touch /opt/ghettovcb/bin/ghetto_run.sh`<br>
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`vi /opt/ghettovcb/bin/ghetto_run.sh`<br>
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```
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#!/bin/sh
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/opt/ghettovcb/bin/ghettoVCB.sh \
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-g /opt/ghettovcb/ghetto_1.conf \
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-f /opt/ghettovcb/vms_to_backup_list \
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&> /dev/null
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```
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Make the script executable<br>
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`chmod +x /opt/ghettovcb/bin/ghetto_run.sh`
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* for my use case where TrueNAS VM cant be snapshoted while running because
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of a passthrough pcie HBA card there needs to be another config
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* Make new config copy<br>
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`cp /opt/ghettovcb/ghetto_1.conf /opt/ghettovcb/ghetto_2.conf`
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* Edit the config, setting it to shut down VMs before backup.<br>
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`vi /opt/ghettovcb/ghetto_2.conf`<br>
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`POWER_VM_DOWN_BEFORE_BACKUP=1`
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* edit the run script, add another execution for specific VM using ghetto_2.conf<br>
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`vi /opt/ghettovcb/bin/ghetto_run.sh`<br>
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```
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#!/bin/sh
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/opt/ghettovcb/bin/ghettoVCB.sh \
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-g /opt/ghettovcb/ghetto_1.conf \
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-f /opt/ghettovcb/vms_to_backup_list \
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&> /dev/null
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/opt/ghettovcb/bin/ghettoVCB.sh \
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-g /opt/ghettovcb/ghetto_2.conf \
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-m TrueNAS_scale \
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&> /dev/null
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```
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### Execution and scheduled runs
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To simply execute:
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* `/opt/ghettovcb/bin/ghetto_run.sh`
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# Logging
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To execute it periodicly cron is used.
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* Make backup of roots crontab<br>
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`cp /var/spool/cron/crontabs/root /var/spool/cron/crontabs/root.backup`
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* Edit roots crontab to execute the run script at 4:00<br>
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add the following line at the end in [cron format](https://crontab.guru/)<br>
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`vi /var/spool/cron/crontabs/root`
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```
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0 4 * * * /opt/ghettovcb/bin/ghetto_run.sh
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```
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To save read only file in vi use `:wq!`
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Logs about backups are in `/tmp`
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# disk reclamation
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# Switching from Thick to Thin disks
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vmkfstools --punchzero "./TrueNAS_scale-thin.vmdk"
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unmap, windows, `fsck_ufs -Ey /dev/da0p3`
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# links
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* https://www.altaro.com/vmware/ghettovcb-back-up-vms/
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* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ySMitWnNxp4
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* https://forums.unraid.net/topic/30507-guide-scheduled-backup-your-esxi-vms-to-unraid-with-ghettovcb/
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* https://blog.kingj.net/2016/07/03/how-to/backing-up-vmware-esxi-vms-with-ghettovcb/
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#### email
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